Can multiverse theory be true if the total energy
of the universe is zero?
The first half of the 20th century brought a revolutionary change into our concept about space and time. Earlier it was thought that space and time were having independent existence, and that they were absolute. Even if all the matter disappeared from the universe, space would remain the same and unaffected. Similar view was held about time also, that time flowed in the same way throughout the universe and that this flow did not depend on anything. But with the coming of Einstein’s theory of relativity our concept about space and time has undergone a total and drastic change. Now we have come to know that if there is no matter, then neither will there be any space and time. With the disappearance of matter space and time will also disappear. As there cannot be any space and time without matter, so we can say that the existence of space and time depends on the existence of matter. Now we have also come to know that matter and energy are equivalent. So we can say that the existence of space and time depends on the existence of energy. When there will be energy, there will be space and time as well. Similarly, when there will be space and time, there will have to be some energy associated with that space and time. This is the first point that we will have to remember for our purpose here.
The second point that we will have to remember is that scientists have shown that the total energy of the universe is exactly zero. On the basis of this data scientists generally argue that the universe needs no creator for its coming into existence, and that it can create itself from nothing.
On the basis of these two scientific data i.e. 1) that there cannot be any space and time without energy, and 2) that the total energy of the universe is zero, I will now proceed to show as to why the multiverse theory cannot be true.
First of all I will here examine which condition the universe will have to satisfy in order that it can have zero energy. For this purpose I will assume that as we are placed within the space of the universe, so the universe as a whole is also placed within some higher space. In order to differentiate the outer space within which the universe is placed from the inner space of the universe, we will designate the outer space as the superspace. Although it is called superspace, yet as mere space both the inner space and the outer space are the same. Now I will ask the question: can the universe have zero energy if it is placed within this superspace? Now I have already made it very clear that the superspace is also space, and that therefore it can exist only in case it has some energy associated with it. Now the superspace contains the universe within it, and therefore the universe must have some energy so that the superspace containing the universe can exist at all. Thus we find that if there is space outside the universe, then the total energy of the universe cannot be zero.
So, our conclusion is this: in order that the universe can have zero energy, it cannot have any space at all outside it.
This is the reason as to why multiverse theory cannot be true.